Methodology for conducting an expert study on the confirmation of financial transactions for raising funds with subsequent accrual of expenses

Abstract

The article is devoted to generalization of approaches to the forensic characterization of financial transactions in the banking sector, in particular: establishing the source of funds that acquire the status of borrowed funds in order to increase the bank’s resource base, and the validity of interest expense accrual by the bank. The author identifies the main accounting entries which accompanied both the operations of creating a liability and accrual of interest for the use of these liabilities. The author describes and characterizes the accounting entries that confirm the losses incurred by the bank as a result of reflecting transactions on recognition of borrowed funds and accrual of interest expenses for their use. The author investigates the ways of legalization and misappropriation of the amounts which became a loss for a financial institution and income of a business entity, and their further use for the purpose of additional capitalization of a financial institution. Thus, the author proves that a comparison of homogeneous accounting documents, a study of the entire chain of financial transactions drawn up on the principle of double entry in the accounts, taking into account the opening balances at the beginning of the bank’s business day and the result of reflecting each transaction in the chain, makes it possible to establish the validity of the use of accounting accounts, the origin of funds and their use, as well as the tools for withdrawing and legalizing funds, and to establish the ultimate beneficiary of the consequences of the financial transactions.