Keywords
criminal community
criminal influence
subject of criminal and increased criminal influence
criminal jargo
How to Cite
Abstract
The article substantiates the feasibility of conducting semantic-textual examination as one of the forms of using special knowledge and evidence base in the process of investigating criminal offenses, in particular, regarding the establishment and spread of criminal influence, confirmation of the authority of a certain person in thecriminal environment, his criminal status in places of temporary deprivation of liberty (or outside them), and also argues the need to study linguistic phenomena for effective law enforcement in the field of combating organized crime. The purpose of the article is to determine and analyze linguistic features of the speech activity of subjects of criminal and increased criminal influence and other representatives of the criminal community in the context of conducting a forensic semantic-textual examination. The methodological basis of the work was general scientific and special linguistic research methods, in particular semantic-pragmatic, discursive, contextual, content and intent analysis, as well as the method of semantic-forensic recognition(establishment) of the objective content of a speech message, which are used in the pragmatic-communicative approach to the analysis of a language object, on which the fundamental provisions about the connection between language and thinking, language and society, as well as about the social essence of language and its understanding as a social phenomenon that is formed and functions in society are based. The scientific novelty lies in the pragmatic-communicative approach to the linguistic analysis of manifestations of criminal influence in the speech activity of communication participants and the identification of linguistic features of speech activity that indicate that certain individuals, participants in conversations, belong to the criminal environment and exert influence on other communicants, as well as confirm the authority of a certain person, his status and leadership qualities, which are expressed at the linguistic level by appropriate speech actions and linguistic means and techniques. The conclusions emphasize that linguistic analysis of speech is a key tool for determining the objective content of conversations, interpreting the hidden meanings of criminal jargon (argo) as an extremely important component of criminal subculture, identifying statements expressed in the form of categorical incentives (instructions and instructions) directed at other participants in communication, and speech acts, the content of which indicates readiness and consent to carry out such instructions and instructions, as well as language structures that characterize participants in communication and a certain person who has a higher criminal status in the criminal environment compared to other representatives of thecriminal community.
References
Budko T.V. (2017). Problemni pytannia sudovo-linhvistychnoi semantyko-tekstualnoi ekspertyzy movlennia ta rekomendatsii shchodo yikh vyrishennia: na materialakh kryminalnykh provadzhen: monohrafiia [Problematic issues of forensic linguistic semantic-textual examination of speech and recommendations for their solution: based on materials of criminal proceedings: monograph]. Kyiv: Natsionalna akademiia SBU. 88 p. [in Ukrainian].
Sokurenko V.V., Bandurka O.M. et al. (Eds.). (2021). Velyka ukrainska kryminolohichna entsyklopediia: u 2 t. T. 1: A–L [The Great Ukrainian Criminological Encyclopedia: in 2 vols. Vol. 1: A–L]. Kharkiv: Fakt, 210–211 [in Ukrainian].
Busel V.T. (Comp. & Ed.). (2005). Velykyi tlumachnyi slovnyk suchasnoi ukrainskoi movy [Great explanatory dictionary of the modern Ukrainian language]. Kyiv; Irpin: VTF “Perun”. 1728 p. [in Ukrainian].
Budko T.V. (2019). Zahalna metodyka sudovo-linhvistychnoi semantyko-tekstualnoi ekspertyzy [General methodology of forensic linguistic semantic-textual examination]. Kyiv: Ukrainskyi naukovo-doslidnyi instytut spetsialnoi tekhniky ta sudovykh ekspertyz Sluzhby bezpeky Ukrainy. 55 p. [in Ukrainian].
Kvasha O.O. (2020). Lehitymatsiia statusu “zlodii v zakoni” yak panatseia u protydii orhanizovanii zlochynnosti v Ukraini [Legitimization of the status of “thief in law” as a panacea in countering organized crime in Ukraine]. Kryminolohichna teoriia i praktyka: dosvid, problemy sohodennia ta shliakhy yikh vyrishennia: materialy mizhvuzivskoho
naukovo-praktychnoho kruhloho stolu, Kyiv, May 28, 2020. Kyiv: NAVS, Part 1, 68–71 [in Ukrainian].
Kovkina Ye.V. (2016). Elementy kryminalnoho arho yak skladnyky tezaurusu kryminalistyky [Elements of criminal argot as components of the thesaurus of criminalistics]. Teoriia ta praktyka sudovoi ekspertyzy i kryminalistyky, 16, 203–209 [in Ukrainian].
Kramarenko Yu.M., Skok O.S., Shevchenko T.V., Khashev V.H. (2022). Suchasni pytannia protydii orhanizovanii zlochynnosti v Ukraini ta za kordonom: monohrafiia [Current issues of combating organized crime in Ukraine and abroad: monograph]. Dnipro: Dnipropetrovskyi derzhavnyi universytet vnutrishnikh sprav. 216 p. [in Ukrainian].
Vozniuk A.A., Dudorov O.O., Cherniavskyi S.S. (2021). Kryminalna vidpovidalnist za zlochyny, vchyneni zlochynnoiu spilnotoiu: statti 255, 255¹, 255², 255³, 256 Kryminalnoho kodeksu Ukrainy: naukovo-praktychnyi komentar [Criminal liability for crimes committed by a criminal community: Articles 255, 255¹, 255², 255³, 256 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine: scientific and practical commentary]. Kyiv: Norma prava. 130 p. [in Ukrainian].
Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2001). Kryminalnyi kodeks Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.04.2001 № 2341-III [Criminal Code of Ukraine: Law of Ukraine dated 05.04.2001 No. 2341-III]. Ofitsiinyi vebportal parlamentu Ukrainy. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14#Text (accessed: 10.09.2025) [in Ukrainian].
Levchenko T.M. (2019). Rozshyrennia sfery zastosuvannia kryminalnoho zharhonu [Expansion of the scope of criminal jargon use]. International Academy Journal Web of Scholar, 36–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_wos/30062019/6554 (accessed: 10.09.2025) [in Ukrainian].
Levchuk V.O. (2021). “Vor v zakoni”: vidome poniattia ta novi kryminalno-pravovi problemy [“Thief in law”: a known concept and new criminal law problems]. Nove ukrainske pravo, 4, 245–251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51989/NUL.2021.4.36 (accessed: 10.09.2025) [in Ukrainian].
Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. (1998). Naukovo-metodychni rekomendatsii z pytan pidhotovky ta pryznachennia sudovykh ekspertyz ta ekspertnykh doslidzhen: Nakaz vid 08.10.1998 № 53/5 [Scientific and methodological recommendations on the preparation and appointment of forensic examinations and expert studies: Order
dated 08.10.1998 No. 53/5]. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0705-98#Text (accessed: 10.09.2025) [in Ukrainian].
Nikitin A. (2021). Shchodo vyznachennia poniattia “zlochynnyi vplyv” u Kryminalnomu kodeksi Ukrainy [On defining the concept of “criminal influence” in the Criminal Code of Ukraine]. Naukovi zapysky NaUKMA. Yurydychni nauky, 46–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-2607.2020.6.46-56 (accessed: 10.09.2025) [in Ukrainian].
Okolit O.V. (2021). Subiekt zlochynu, peredbachenoho statteiu 255 Kryminalnoho kodeksu Ukrainy [The subject of the crime provided for in Article 255 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine]. Visnyk penitentsiarnoi asotsiatsii Ukrainy, 4(18), 86–99. DOI: 10.34015/2523-4552.2021.4.07 [in Ukrainian].
Pavlenko S.O. (2016). Aktualni problemy shchodo vstanovlennia kryminalnoi vidpovidalnosti dlia “zlodiiv v zakoni” [Current problems regarding the establishment of criminal liability for “thieves in law”]. Naukove zabezpechennia dosudovoho rozsliduvannia: problemy teorii ta praktyky: zbirnyk tez dopovidei V Vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii, Kyiv, July 8, 2016. Kyiv: Natsionalna akademiia vnutrishnikh sprav, 305–307 [in Ukrainian].
Tkachenko S.V. (2022). Novely zakonodavstva ta sudova praktyka shchodo prytiahnennia do kryminalnoi vidpovidalnosti za vchynennia kryminalnykh pravoporushen, peredbachenykh st. 251 KK Ukrainy, u sukupnosti z inshymy zlochynamy [Legislative novelties and judicial practice regarding criminal liability for committing criminal offences provided for in Article 251 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in conjunction with other crimes]. Aktualni problemy vitchyznianoi yurysprudentsii, 3, 143–152 [in Ukrainian].