DOI: https://doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2019.64.19

G. Avdeeva

А competition between the criminal procedure parties and equality rights in presentation their evidences to the court, the availability of accused right to defense himself are among the basic principles of legal procedure in Ukraine. Despite the fact that in Art. 22 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine states that «criminal proceedings are carried out on the basis of the adversarial procedure», the parties of criminal procedure in Ukraine do not have equaling rights and opportunities to gather evidence through the using of special knowledge.

A law № 2147-19 inured at the end of 2017 in Ukraine. The changes in the Criminal procedure law and Ukraine law «About a forensic examination» banned for lawyers and investigators to choose theyselves an expert establishment or experts. Investigators, public prosecutors and advocates have a right only to send a request to the judge about needing of a forensic examination. A judge personally chooses expert establishment or an expert. It is a cause of the substantial lowing of rights of lawyers and investigators in the collecting of proofs. These problems of regulation of expert activity in Ukraine do not correspond to the competitive European principles of the court. Part of these problems can be resolved if in Ukraine will adopt the Project of law № 8249. It is proposed in this law to return rights for the investigators and lawyers, which allow them personally to attract of experts. Also it is proposed to allow to nonstate experts and other specialists to conduct forensic examinations. This will bring the legislation of Ukraine closer to the legislation of the member countries of the European Union and will allow the principle of equality of parties rights of criminal procedure. A competition between state and non-state experts will lead to an increase of the quality and scientific level of expert conclusions.

Key words: criminal proceedings, special knowledge, competitive judiciary.