Complex of initial data necessary for conducting investigative experiments and forensic auto-technical examinations under various traffic accident conditions (involving collision with a pedestrian)

Abstract

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The article outlines an expedient sequence of actions to be taken prior to conducting an investigative experiment. Applying this sequence ensures a unified and effective approach to determining the mechanism of a traffic accident. It also provides forensic experts with the high-quality initial data required to order auto-technical examinations and resolve standard forensic issues.

Specific guidelines are presented in detail for conducting investigative experiments under conditions that indirectly influence the accident mechanism. These include:

• Limited visibility or night-time conditions;

• The relative positions of a pedestrian and a vehicle at the point of impact;

• The relative positions of a bicycle and a vehicle at the point of impact;

• The exact point of collision;

• The trajectory and movement path of the vehicle.

Furthermore, the article emphasizes the importance of conducting preliminary forensic examinations prior to the investigative experiment. These preliminary examinations help verify the technical plausibility of statements provided by suspects, victims, or witnesses, including:

• Complex forensic medical and vehicle trace-evidence (trasological) examinations to investigate the contact interaction between a pedestrian's body and a vehicle;

• Vehicle trace-evidence (trasological) examinations to determine the relative positions of a cyclist (a horse-drawn vehicle or a stationary object) and the colliding vehicle, as well as the overall impact mechanism;

• Comprehensive auto-technical and vehicle trace-evidence examinations to determine the point of collision, the vehicle's probable trajectory, and its positioning on the roadway.

The article also highlights several specific scenarios in which these preliminary examinations are essential before an investigative experiment is conducted.

Conclusion: Implementing a unified approach to investigative experiments aimed at reconstructing the mechanism of a traffic accident ensures the timely and high-quality completion of forensic auto-technical examinations while significantly reducing total processing times.