Modern standards for security of documents, identity: international requirements and implementation in Ukraine

Abstract

Putting Ukrainian documents into circulation, which prove identity with imperfect system of protection, caused the situation, which leads to the commitment of numerous delinquencies, connected with the usage of forged documents, and in some cases it is the basis of such crime commitments as terrorism and trade in. In order to increase the efficiency of struggle against these commitments and fulfillment of visa liberalization program, given by European Union to Ukraine, there are some kinds of developed and put into circulation in Ukraine modern documents, which prove identity, produced with the usage of advanced manufacturing sciences with special protection level. On high-level international summit the development of regulations and new standards in the sphere of proving identity document safety is entrusted to IOCA International Organization of Commercial Aviation. By recommendations of IOCA the documents with higher level of protection are created in order to increase the social security against manifestation of crime and international terrorism. The documents are provided with non-contact integrated circuit, which contains non-contact data medium with biometric data of its owner (so called ‘biometric’ documents) are more widespread in the world and are put into circulation in many countries. In Ukraine the production, putting into circulation and issue of documents, which prove identity with non-contact data medium, are regulated by the Law of Ukraine ‘About Single state demographic register and documents, which confirm the nationality of Ukraine, which prove the person or his/her special status’. During the making of documents of Ukraine, which prove identity, are applied the following technological tools: special materials of the printed form of document (material for cover, paper, plastic), the complex of high-quality printing technologies, special elements of printing protection (watermarks, coloured and fluorescent fibers, microprinting, protected holographic elements), special inks for elements’ putting, technologies of personalization of document etc. Stated in this article material allows us to come to the conclusion that the applied technologies of producing and personalization of modern documents in Ukraine, which prove identity, supply the high level of data identification and protection, which exclude their usage by any person, except the owner. It makes impossible to forge them. Thus, according to the level of protection modern documents in Ukraine, which prove identity, satisfy the requirements of the IOCA standards and state standards of Ukraine.