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Abstract
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One of the goals of criminalistics is to support forensic activity in crime investigation using modern specialized technical tools and methods. Human traces have been the most informative objects and sources of evidence in crime investigation from the formation of criminalistics as a science up to the present day. Among these objects, fingerprints play a primary role. Understanding the capabilities of modern fingerprint analysis methods enables improved investigation results and empowers forensic experts with research facilities to identify and study evidence that previously could not be processed using traditional methods.
Traditional forensic methods of information collection include photography and videography. The use of modern computer technologies significantly elevates the quality of information recording during the investigation process. The article demonstrates the capabilities of the following methods:
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spherical panorama method — as a further development of panoramic photography;
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laser scanning method — for fixing scene details and determining object positions;
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3D object modeling method — based on virtual 3D models;
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Reflected Ultraviolet Imaging System (RUVIS) — as an advanced physical and chemical fingerprinting technique to detect and fix latent (barely visible and invisible) trace evidence.
The capabilities and practical applications of these technical tools and methods in crime detection have been studied and adopted by foreign law enforcement agencies, as well as in the daily practice of the expert divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (specifically, the State Scientific Research Forensic Center and the Scientific Research Forensic Center of the Main Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine in Kyiv).
The practical application of these tools and methods for identifying and recording forensic information has proven highly efficient. However, a significant disadvantage of the listed methods remains their high cost, leading to a currently low level of equipment provision across Ministry of Internal Affairs units
References
Shepytʹko, V. Yu. (2010). Izmenchivostʹ kriminalistiki v XXI veke i ee zadachi v sovremennykh usloviyakh [Variability of criminalistics in the XXI century and its tasks in modern conditions]. Kryminalistyka XXI stolittya [Criminalistics of the XXI century], pp. 55–59 [in Russian].
Postyka, I. V. (2002). Sudova (kryminalistychna) fotohrafiya: teoriya i praktyka [Forensic (criminalistic) photography: theory and practice: monograph]. Odesa: Yurydychna literatura [in Ukrainian].
Ofitsiynyy sayt kompaniyi Panorama Tools graphical user interface [Official website of the company Panorama Tools graphical user interface]. URL: http://www.ptgui.com.
Metodyka daktyloskopichnoyi ekspertyzy. Ekspertna spetsialʹnistʹ 4.6. «Daktyloskopichni doslidzhennya» [Methodology of dactyloscopic examination. Expert specialty 4.6. "Dactyloscopic research"]. URL: http://5fan.info/merbewmerrnaqasotr.html [in Ukrainian].