Errors during forensic analysis: types, causes and ways of preventing

Abstract

On the basis of analysis of scientific sources and expert practice are identified the most common errors which experts allowed in conducting forensic examinations. The analysis identifies causes of errors and ways to prevent them. The results of the study found that the expert errors that occur most frequently during forensic examinations (except for technical errors that typically do not lead to negative consequences in the investigation) included methodological errors which related to violation of the methods of investigation, incorrect assessment of the signs and accordingly its erroneous release into set for a ruling. These errors are often led to erroneous conclusions, and also taking into account that the forensic investigation is complicated for both on its facilities and solvable tasks, methodical support of this kind of examination is required of the constant improvement. This kind of research is inherent the use of a variety of technical means, including specialized, for preventing expert errors it is very important to implement in modern expert practice examples of such technology, and conduct its verification (calibration). Besides this kind of expertise an important aspect of preventing mistakes is widespread introduction of the information technologies: automated systems, databases, expert’s workplaces in the relevant areas of research. To prevent the expert’s errors an each element is important: quality staffing → quality training forensic experts → existence of methodological and methodical basis → availability of necessary technical equipment and supplies → broad introduction of innovative technologies → sufficiency of time, the availability of appropriate conditions survey → permanent self-test and checking of ready conclusions by an authorized person and/or manager → systematic verification of expert opinions → experts certification training → conducting scientific events (seminars, round tables, conferences, etc.) and experience exchange. Only a comprehensive approach of solving this problem will let us minimize flaws and errors in conducting forensic examinations.